Which condition is characterized by a genetic clotting factor deficiency?

Hemophilia is a condition characterized by a genetic deficiency in clotting factors, which are proteins in the blood that help control bleeding. In individuals with hemophilia, their blood may not clot properly, leading to an increased risk of prolonged bleeding after injury or spontaneous bleeding episodes. This genetic disorder is usually inherited and primarily affects males, though females can be carriers.

The condition results from mutations in the genes responsible for producing specific clotting factors. Most commonly, hemophilia A is due to a deficiency of factor VIII, while hemophilia B is linked to a deficiency of factor IX. Individuals with hemophilia require careful management to prevent bleeding complications, which can be achieved through the administration of the missing clotting factors.

In contrast, anemia involves a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, hemochromatosis is related to excess iron in the body, and myelofibrosis is a bone marrow disorder that impacts blood cell production. None of these conditions are specifically tied to the deficiency of clotting factors, making hemophilia the unique answer to this question.