What structure houses the urine produced by the kidneys until it is eliminated from the body?

The urinary bladder is the correct answer because it serves as the temporary storage facility for urine produced by the kidneys. After urine is generated in the nephrons of the kidneys, it flows through the ureters into the urinary bladder, where it can be held until the body is ready to expel it. The bladder is designed to expand as it fills with urine and contracts when it's time to urinate, allowing for controlled elimination.

The other options do not fulfill the function of storing urine. The urinary urethra is responsible for transporting urine from the bladder to the outside of the body during urination, rather than storing it. The terms urinary cavern and urinary ventricle do not refer to anatomical structures associated with the urinary system and are not related to the storage or elimination of urine. Thus, the urinary bladder is the only structure that correctly describes the temporary housing of urine before it is eliminated.