What complication may arise from a patient vomiting for several days?

When a patient vomits for several days, one of the primary complications that can arise is an electrolyte imbalance. This happens because vomiting results in the loss of gastric contents, which include not just food but also important electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and chloride. Electrolytes are vital for various bodily functions, including maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction.

As the body continues to expel fluids through vomiting, the concentrations of these electrolytes in the bloodstream can decrease significantly, leading to conditions like hyponatremia (low sodium levels) and hypokalemia (low potassium levels). Such imbalances can cause symptoms ranging from muscle cramps and weakness to more severe conditions, such as cardiac arrhythmias or neurological disturbances.

Addressing electrolyte imbalances is crucial in the management of a patient who has been vomiting for an extended period. Rehydration and careful monitoring of electrolyte levels are key components in supporting the patient’s recovery.