During an anaphylactic reaction, what should the EMT assess first?

In an anaphylactic reaction, the most critical aspect to assess first is the airway. This is because anaphylaxis can lead to rapid and severe swelling of the airway, resulting in compromised breathing or complete obstruction. Signs such as difficulty breathing, wheezing, and swelling of the face, lips, or throat can develop quickly, making it essential for the EMT to determine whether the patient can maintain an open airway. If the airway is compromised, immediate interventions to secure the airway, such as positioning or administering epinephrine, may be necessary to prevent respiratory failure.

Other assessments, while important, are secondary to ensuring that the patient can breathe properly. Circulation and blood pressure can be affected by the reaction, but if the airway is not managed first, the risk to the patient's life is significantly increased. Temperature is generally not a priority in acute emergencies like anaphylaxis. Therefore, focusing on assessing and securing the airway is vital for the patient's survival and should be the first step in management.