A sudden, temporary alteration in brain function caused by massive electrical discharge in a group of nerve cells in the brain is called a/an:

A sudden, temporary alteration in brain function resulting from massive electrical discharge in a group of nerve cells in the brain is referred to as a seizure. This phenomenon occurs when there is an abnormal and excessive firing of neurons, leading to various clinical manifestations such as convulsions, altered awareness, or unusual sensations. Seizures can vary in duration and severity, affecting different areas of the brain and leading to diverse symptoms based on which parts are involved.

This definition contrasts with other medical terms. A stroke involves a disruption of blood flow to the brain, typically leading to nerve cell death and long-term deficits, rather than a temporary electrical discharge. An aneurysm refers to a bulging or weakened area in a blood vessel that can rupture, leading to bleeding in or around the brain, which is not characterized by the rapid electrical changes present during a seizure. A cerebral infarction indicates tissue death in the brain due to lack of blood flow and, like a stroke, it is a longer-lasting condition compared to the transient nature of seizures. Thus, seizures are specifically identified by their electrical activity in the brain rather than issues related to blood flow or vessel integrity.